![]() ![]() To extend this work further, Birch and Garnsey (1995) employed recognition and naming tasks and found that memory for focused words was better than for non-focused words (see also Singer, 1976). Gernsbacher and Hargreaves (1988) used a probe recognition task to show that the first mentioned participants are recognised faster than second mentioned participants. Using a probe recognition task, they showed that the information contained in a predicate ( His critical boss is demanding at times.) was more easily accessible than the same information contained in a prenominal modifier ( His demanding boss is critical at times.). (1993) showed that syntactically prominent positions enhanced the accessibility of various concepts. Most findings on sentence information recall (or recognition/accessibility more precisely) thus come from the study of information structure, which has been mainly concerned with the effects of linguistic focus. In turn, certain pieces of information may not be consciously accessible already after the sentence is processed. Factors such as syntactic function or information structure influence the degree of attention to different pieces of information conveyed by a sentence. These findings suggest the presence of selective attention mechanisms during early stages of sentence processing. The present article thus shows systematic differences in recall success for different pieces of information. Information structure also played a role: if the temporal or locative adjunct was focused, it was recalled better than if it was unfocused. Altogether, it was found that the core information (conveyed by the direct object) was recalled almost perfectly, whereas additional information, conveyed by temporal and locative adjuncts, was recalled with significantly lower accuracy rates. Immediately after the sentence disappeared, an open-ended (free response) question was presented targeting either the direct object (e.g., newspaper), temporal adjunct (e.g., on Sunday), or locative adjunct (e.g., in the library). ![]() Participants read simple and unambiguous Czech sentences such as Starší důchodce velmi pečlivě pročetl noviny v neděli v knihovně: “An older retiree read the newspaper very carefully on Sunday in the library.” Sentences always appeared as a whole after pressing a space bar. This article reports on four experiments aiming to examine immediate post-sentential recall of core sentence information (conveyed by direct objects), and optional/additional information (conveyed by temporal or locative adjuncts). All subjects Allied Health Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine Dentistry Emergency Medicine & Critical Care Endocrinology & Metabolism Environmental Science General Medicine Geriatrics Infectious Diseases Medico-legal Neurology Nursing Nutrition Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine Otolaryngology Palliative Medicine & Chronic Care Pediatrics Pharmacology & Toxicology Psychiatry & Psychology Public Health Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine Radiology Research Methods & Evaluation Rheumatology Surgery Tropical Medicine Veterinary Medicine Cell Biology Clinical Biochemistry Environmental Science Life Sciences Neuroscience Pharmacology & Toxicology Biomedical Engineering Engineering & Computing Environmental Engineering Materials Science Anthropology & Archaeology Communication & Media Studies Criminology & Criminal Justice Cultural Studies Economics & Development Education Environmental Studies Ethnic Studies Family Studies Gender Studies Geography Gerontology & Aging Group Studies History Information Science Interpersonal Violence Language & Linguistics Law Management & Organization Studies Marketing & Hospitality Music Peace Studies & Conflict Resolution Philosophy Politics & International Relations Psychoanalysis Psychology & Counseling Public Administration Regional Studies Religion Research Methods & Evaluation Science & Society Studies Social Work & Social Policy Sociology Special Education Urban Studies & Planning BROWSE JOURNALS
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